Skin Cancer

Skin cancer develops when skin cells grow in an uncontrolled way, most often after years of ultraviolet exposure from the sun or tanning beds. The three main types are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas are the most common and rarely spread when treated early, while melanoma is less common but more serious.

Warning signs include a new growth, a sore that does not heal, or a mole that changes in size, shape, or color. The ABCDE guide for moles is a helpful reminder: Asymmetry, irregular Borders, uneven Color, a Diameter larger than a pencil eraser, and Evolving or changing appearance.

A dermatologist can examine suspicious spots and, when needed, perform a simple biopsy to confirm a diagnosis. Treatment depends on the type, size, and location and may include surgical removal, Mohs surgery for certain cancers, or other approaches.

Because skin cancer is so common, regular skin checks and daily sun protection are important. Anyone with a personal or family history of skin cancer, many moles, or a history of significant sun exposure should consider periodic professional skin exams.